The varicose disease of the lower extremities – most common of the peripheral disease of the vein, consisting in the violation of blood flow in the venous system. It is estimated that varicose veins suffer from 25-40% of women and 10-15% of men of working age.
When the varicose disease violations occur in the vessel wall, and depending on the form of the disease, can be within the skin or subcutaneous, and more or less common, explicit or subtle. Sometimes patients to varicose expansion of veins carry the "star" - spider veins or trophic of the infringement (the darkening of the skin on the legs, the seal of the subcutaneous tissue and other manifestations).
Risk factors
The main causes of development of varicose veins are:
- Hereditary predisposition. The disease may have the distinctive "family" of nature, to the surprise of the relatives in the descending line.
- Pregnancy.
- The excess of weight.
- Work and sports related with physics puzzles, weight lifting, strong muscular tension. Long static sitting position or standing work).
- The reception of hormonal drugs.
- The use of tight clothing and footwear.
- The disruption of the digestive system (tendency to constipation).
- Diseases of the liver and gallbladder (hepatitis, stagnation of bile and other).
Complications of varicose veins
The varicose disease of the severe complications, that are heavier than the disease itself:
Thrombophlebitis. The inflammation of the vein with the education in the lumen of the thrombus (blood clot). A blood clot can cause pain, disturb to walk and work. Part of a blood clot or all of the clot can begin to move sent by the blood-stream-bed, bringing the danger of the obstruction of a container and putting in danger the life.
Lead to the development of thrombophlebitis can:
- the lesion of the zone of varicose veins;
- overheating (steam bath or sauna);
- dehydration;
- the high temperature of the body;
- alcohol poisoning;
- long stay in the sitting position (travel by car or fly in a plane).
Ulcers trophic. Occur in places of varicose veins surgery bleed, and very difficult of cure.
The change of the composition of the blood and the increase of its viscosity.
The thromboembolism. The occlusion of a blood clot in one of the coronary arteries.
Symptoms and diagnosis
The external manifestation of the varicose disease is:
- the presence of venous of the mesh in the legs;
- x-ray fine veins;
- swelling of the feet;
- seizures;
- the feeling of tiredness and heaviness in the legs at the end of the work day;
- the pain in your legs after physical strength, the load;
- the presence of clear venous of nodes;
- the formation of venous ulcers.
The main method of diagnosis of varicose veins, and ultrasound duplex scanning of the leg vessels (ultrasound).
The treatment of the
Currently, there are two types of treatment of the varicose disease is:
- Conservative. A holistic approach in the treatment of varicose veins includes:
- the depuracin of the agency;
- the treatment of diseases of the digestive tract and the liver;
- outside the use of creams and gels to strengthen the walls of the blood vessels, improve its elasticity and remove swelling and fatigue in the legs;
- preparations in the form of capsules;
- hirudotherapy (use of leeches) – one of the most effective means of conservative treatment of varicose veins and its complications;
- therapeutic exercise;
- the use of compressive.
To carry out courses of treatment is best only for 1 month, with a break of 2 to 3 months.
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Surgical. In operational terms, it removes a part of the glass. A method of treatment – sclerotherapy. When this into the affected vein entered the special substance, vienna falls and extinguishes the hemorrhage general – becomes cold. The venous reflux is performed solutions pathways of auxiliary roads. For cosmetic purposes you can use the micro sclerotherapy of spider veins.
The prevention of the
- Use only a convenient way and free of shoes and clothing that will not shrink and is not pinched in blood vessels.
- Avoid lifting and transport of loads.
- When sedentary or standing it is important to do warm-up exercises and breaks.
- Slow the advance of the disease can be, if you regularly wear compression point: elastic stockings, socks, tights, maillot.
- Use elastic bandages that support the vein in the normal state.
- It is good to do exercises with the legs up: lying on the back – "the bicycle", "scissors", etc.
- For the prevention of varicose veins surgery useful to walk, swim, run, bike, shower of sensations in the legs.
- Make sure normal working of the intestine. Drink plenty of water and eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables (up to 400 g / day).